Лексичний мінімум загального курсу англійської мови
Рівень B2

Unit 1: Beginnings

Personality
  1. a down-to-earth - realistic about topics
  2. a geek - someone who is obsessive and boring (about a topic)
  3. a good laugh - someone who is fun to be with
  4. cautious - careful to avoid potential problems or dangers
  5. eccentric - unconventional and slightly strange
  6. flexible - able to make changes or deal with a situation that is changing
  7. genuine - people and things that are exactly what they appear to be, and are not false or an imitation
  8. mean - cruel, or unkind
  9. moody - someone whose feelings and behaviour change frequently, and in particular that they often become depressed or angry without any warning
  10. naive - a person or action showing a lack of experience, wisdom, or judgement
  11. sympathetic - to be kind to someone who is in a bad situation and show that you understand their feelings
  12. tight-fisted - mean with money
  13. trustworthy - reliable, responsible, and can be trusted completely
  14. witty - showing or characterized by quick and inventive verbal humour
  15. to be out until the early hours - away from home very late
  16. to be particular about - feel this is important
  17. to get into - enjoy (a topic or activity)
  18. to keep oneself to oneself - be introverted
  19. to pull about one's weight - do one's share of work
Feelings
  1. embarrassed - someone who feels shy, ashamed, or guilty about something
  2. exhausted - very tired
  3. satisfied - happy because you have got what you wanted or needed
  4. thrilled - extremely pleased about something
  5. awkward - embarrassing and difficult to deal with
  6. relieved - happy because something unpleasant has not happened or is no longer happening
  7. anxious - feeling or showing worry, nervousness, or unease about something with an uncertain outcome
  8. fascinated - If you are fascinated by something, you find it very interesting and attractive, and your thoughts tend to concentrate on it.
  9. frustrated - feeling or expressing distress and annoyance, esp. because of inability to change or achieve something
  10. impressed - feeling admiration and respect
  11. mundane - makes use of
  12. trivial - not serious or important
  13. tottering - walking but almost falling over
  14. loathing - hating
  15. taps into - ordinary and boring
  16. recurring - repeating

Unit 2: Issues

Social issues
  1. appeal - make a serious, urgent, or heartfelt request
  2. debt - a sum of money that is owed or due
  3. decrease - make or become smaller or fewer in size, amount, intensity, or degree
  4. divorce - the legal dissolution of a marriage by a court or other competent body
  5. domestic - relating to the running of a home or to family relations
  6. violence - behaviour involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill someone or something
  7. donation - something that is given to a charity, especially a sum of money
  8. drought - a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to a shortage of water
  9. drug abuse - the habitual taking of illegal drugs
  10. drunkenness - the state of being drunk; intoxication
  11. earthquake - a sudden violent shaking of the ground, typically causing great destruction
  12. eye-opening - showing you something surprising that you did not know before
  13. famine - a situation in which large numbers of people have little or no food, and many of them die
  14. flood - an overflow of a large amount of water beyond its normal limits, especially over what is normally dry land
  15. forest fire - an uncontrolled fire in an forest
  16. homelessness - the condition of people without a regular dwelling
  17. increase - a rise in the number, amount, or degree of something
  18. landslide - a collapse of a mass of earth or rock from a mountain or cliff
  19. obesity - the state of being grossly fat or overweight
  20. pollution - the presence in or introduction into the environment of a substance which has harmful or poisonous effects
  21. poverty - the state of being extremely poor
  22. volcanic eruption - if a volcano erupts, it explodes inside and flames, rocks, and lava come out of the top
Tecnology and privacy
  1. a deterrent - a thing that discourages or is intended to discourage someone from doing something
  2. accountable for - required or expected to justify actions or decisions; responsible
  3. an invasion of privacy - an occasion when someone finds out or uses information about your private life, especially illegally
  4. CCTV (Closed-circuit television) camera - that allows someone to watch on a television screen what is happening in different parts of a building, town etc
  5. handed over - passed to
  6. law-abiding - obedient to the laws of society
  7. number plate - a sign affixed to the front and rear of a vehicle displaying its registration number
  8. speed camera - a roadside camera triggered by speeding vehicles, taking either video footage or a photograph of the vehicle with a record of its speed
  9. surveillance society - a society where surveillance technology is widely used to monitor people's everyday activities
  10. to keep track of - keep (or fail to keep) fully aware of or informed about
  11. to log - to make an official record of things that happen

Unit 3: Downtime

Behaviour
  1. patient - able to accept or tolerate delays, problems, or suffering without becoming annoyed or anxious
  2. rude - offensively impolite or bad-mannered
  3. selfish - lacking consideration for other people; concerned chiefly with one's own personal profit or pleasure
  4. talkative - fond of or given to talking
  5. to be in the wrong - to be mistaken
  6. to be stubborn - to have or to show dogged determination not to change one's attitude or position on something, especially in spite of good reasons to do so
  7. to criticise someone (for) - indicate the faults of (someone or something) in a disapproving way
  8. to ignore - to pretend that you have not noticed someone or something
  9. to interrupt - to say or do something to stop someone when they are speaking or concentrating on something
  10. to irritate - to make (someone) annoyed or a little angry
  11. to neglect - fail to care for properly
  12. to pay attention (to) - to listen to, watch, or consider something or someone very carefully
  13. to pretend - speak and act so as to make it appear that something is the case when in fact it is not
  14. to put something off - delay doing something
Locations
  1. a batch - a quantity or consignment of goods produced at one time
  2. a bunch - a number of things, typically of the same kind, growing or fastened together
  3. a crowd - a large number of people gathered together in a disorganized way
  4. as the crow flies - in a straight line
  5. barren - too poor to produce much or any vegetation
  6. dense - a lot of things or people in a small area
  7. flock - a number of birds of one kind feeding, resting, or travelling together
  8. gang - an organized group of criminals
  9. half-way between - in the middle of a way between
  10. heavily forested - area covered in huge amount of trees growing closely together
  11. herd - a large group of animals, especially hoofed mammals, that live together or are kept together as livestock
  12. in close proximity to - very close
  13. a niche - specific area of marketing which has its own particular requirements
  14. peninsula - a piece of land almost surrounded by water or projecting out into a body of water
  15. off the coast of - away from the land
  16. on the edge of - nearly in a particular state or condition
  17. remote - situated far from the main centres of population; distant
  18. slope - a surface of which one end or side is at a higher level than another; a rising or falling surface
  19. summit - the highest point of a hill or mountain
  20. swarm - a large or dense group of flying insects
  21. unspoilt - not spoiled, in particular (of a place) not marred by development

Unit 4: Stories

  1. Every cloud has a silver lining. - There is usually a good aspect of a bad situation.
  2. What goes around comes around. - Your actions, good or bad, will have consequences for you.
  3. Where there's smoke there's fire. - There's usually truth in every rumour/if that's how it looks, that's probably how it is.
  4. Once bitten, twice shy. - hen something or someone has hurt you, you tend to avoid it subsequently.
  5. When in Rome do as the Romans do. - Adapt yourself to the customs of the places you visit.
  6. Where there's life there's hope. - If someone or something is still alive, there's hope for recovery.
  7. Nothing ventured, nothing gained. - If you don't take risks, you wan't achieve anything.
  8. Let's cross that bridge when we come to it. - Don't worry about something that hasn't happened yet.
  9. futile - incapable of producing any useful result; pointless
  10. owing to - because of or on account of
  11. stranded - arranged in single thin lengths twisted together
  12. stroll - walk in a leisurely way
  13. to crawl - move forward on the hands and knees or by dragging the body close to the ground
  14. to creep - move slowly and carefully in order to avoid being heard or noticed
  15. to limp - walk with difficulty, typically because of a damaged or stiff leg or foot
  16. to march - walk in a military manner with a regular measured tread
  17. to pass away - (euphemistic) die
  18. to slide - move smoothly along a surface while maintaining continuous contact with it
  19. to stagger - walk or move unsteadily, as if about to fall
  20. to tiptoe - walk quietly and carefully with one's heels raised and one's weight on the balls of the feet
  21. to wade - walk with effort through water or another liquid or viscous substance
  22. to wander - to walk around a place in a casual way, often without intending to go in any particular direction
Feelings
  1. embarrassed - someone who feels shy, ashamed, or guilty about something
  2. exhausted - very tired
  3. satisfied - happy because you have got what you wanted or needed
  4. thrilled - extremely pleased about something.
  5. awkward - embarrassing and difficult to deal with
  6. relieved - happy because something unpleasant has not happened or is no longer happening
  7. anxious - feeling or showing worry, nervousness, or unease about something with an uncertain outcome
  8. fascinated - If you are fascinated by something, you find it very interesting and attractive, and your thoughts tend to concentrate on it
  9. frustrated - feeling or expressing distress and annoyance, esp. because of inability to change or achieve something
  10. impressed - feeling admiration and respect
  11. mundane - makes use of
  12. trivial - not serious or important
  13. tottering - walking but almost falling over
  14. loathing - hating
  15. taps into - ordinary and boring
  16. recurring - repeating

Unit 5: Ideas

Change
  1. breakdowns - a mechanical failure
  2. breakthrough - a sudden, dramatic, and important discovery or development
  3. built-in - included in something as a part of it, rather than being separate
  4. downside - the negative aspect of something otherwise regarded as good or desirable
  5. drawback - a feature that renders something less acceptable; a disadvantage or problem
  6. eco-friendly - not harmful to the environment
  7. energy-efficient - a device or building that is energy-efficient uses relatively little energy to provide the power it needs
  8. high-definition - television or technology - a digital system that gives a much clearer picture than traditional television systems
  9. outlook - a person's point of view or general attitude to life
  10. solar-powered - powered by sunlight
  11. trade-off - a balance achieved between two desirable but incompatible features; a compromise
  12. waterproof - does not let water pass through it.
  13. to alter - to change in character or composition, typically in a comparatively small but significant way
  14. to damage - to harm in such a way as to impair its value, usefulness, or normal function
  15. to distort - to report or represent a statement, fact, or idea in an untrue way
  16. to enhance - intensify, increase, or further improve the quality, value, or extent of
  17. to have a beneficial effect on - favorable or advantageous; resulting in good
  18. to have a beneficial effect on - favorable or advantageous; resulting in good
  19. to have a detrimental effect on - tending to cause harm
  20. to revolutionise - to cause great changes in the way that it is done
  21. to transform - make a marked change in the form, nature, or appearance of
Advertising
  1. advertise - describe or draw attention to (a product, service, or event) in a public medium in order to promote sales or attendance
  2. brand - a type of product manufactured by a particular company under a particular name
  3. campaign - a series of things such as television advertisements or posters that try to persuade people to buy a product
  4. cold call - telephone or visit someone they have never contacted, without making an appointment, in order to try and sell something
  5. commercial - if someone makes a cold call, they telephone or visit someone they have never contacted, without making an appointment, in order to try and sell something
  6. endorse/promote - to say publicly that you support or approve someone or something
  7. influence - the capacity to have an effect on the character, development, or behaviour of someone or something, or the effect itself
  8. jingle - a short phrase, usually with music, that is easy to remember, used for advertising something on the radio or television
  9. logo - a symbol or other small design adopted by an organization to identify its products, uniform, vehicles, etc.
  10. pop-up - something such as an advertisement that appears suddenly on a computer screen when you are looking at the Internet, or when you click the mouse or press a key
  11. slogan - a short phrase that is easy to remember. Slogans are used in advertisements and by political parties and other organizations who want people to remember what they are saying or selling
  12. to break into - to start to have success in your career or an area of activity
  13. to expand - become or make larger or more extensive
  14. to launch - to start a major activity such as a new career or project
  15. to postpone - cause or arrange for (something) to take place at a time later than that first scheduled

Unit 6: Age

Age
  1. allergic to - if you are allergic to something, you become ill or get a rash when you eat it, smell it, or touch it
  2. blurry - one that has an unclear outline
  3. dehydrated - When something such as food is dehydrated, all the water is removed from it, often in order to preserve it
  4. dizzy - having or involving a sensation of spinning around and losing one's balance
  5. elderly - (of a person) old or ageing
  6. immature - not fully developed
  7. insomnia - habitual sleeplessness; inability to sleep
  8. irritable - having or showing a tendency to be easily annoyed
  9. maturity - the state of being fully developed or adult
  10. nearsighted - unable to see things clearly unless they are relatively close to the eyes
  11. shivering - shake slightly and uncontrollably as a result of being cold, frightened, or excited
  12. sneezing - making a sudden involuntary expulsion of air from the nose and mouth due to irritation of one's nostrils
  13. sprained - accidentally damaged by twisting or bending violently
  14. stiff - not easily bent or changed in shape; rigid
  15. stroke - to gently move your hand over skin, hair, or fur
  16. swollen - If a part of your body is swollen, it is larger and rounder than normal, usually as a result of injury or illness.
  17. act one's age - behave in a manner appropriate to someone of one's age and not to someone much younger
  18. to be in one's prime - in the best period of one's life
  19. to come of age - reach adult status
  20. to look young for his or her age - in relation to how old they are
  21. to vomit - If you vomit, food and drink comes back up from your stomach and out through your mouth
Optimism / pessimism
  1. cynical - believing that people are motivated purely by self-interest; distrustful of human sincerity or integrity
  2. gloomy - dark or poorly lit, especially so as to appear depressing or frightening
  3. promising - seems likely to be very good or successful
  4. upbeat - If people or their opinions are upbeat, they are cheerful and hopeful about a situation.
  5. the last thing you feel like doing - something you wouldn't like doing
  6. to dread - anticipate with great apprehension or fear
  7. to fill smb. with despair - make pessimstic
  8. to fill with optimism - fill with optimism
  9. to go nowhere - make no progress
  10. to have mixed feelings - you feel uncertain about them because you can see both good and bad points about them
  11. to have one's ups and downs - o have a mixture of both good and bad experiences
  12. to look forward to - await eagerly
  13. to look on the bright side - be optimistic or cheerful in spite of difficulties
  14. to take one step forward and two steps back - 14. something that you say which means every time you make progress, something bad happens which causes you to be in a worse situation than you were to begin with

Unit 7: Media

Television
  1. Beeb - informal name for the BBC.
  2. a costume drama - a television or cinema production set in a particular historical period, in which the actors wear costumes typical of that period.
  3. a current affairs programme - a genre of broadcast journalism where the emphasis is on detailed analysis and discussion of news stories that have recently occurred or are ongoing at the time of broadcast
  4. a docudrama - a dramatized television film based on real events.
  5. a documentary - a television or radio programme, or a film, which shows real events or provides information about a particular subject
  6. a game show - a television programme in which people compete to win prizes
  7. a quiz - a game or competition in which someone tests your knowledge by asking you questions
  8. a reality show - a television show in which members of the public or celebrities are filmed living their everyday lives or undertaking specific challenges
  9. a row - an argument
  10. a serial - is a story which is broadcast on television or radio or is published in a magazine or newspaper in a number of parts over a period of time
  11. a series - a number of things, events, or people of a similar kind or related nature coming one after another
  12. a sitcom - a humorous television program based on situations that could arise in everyday life
  13. a sketch show - a show which contains short funny scenes
  14. a soap opera - a television or radio drama serial dealing typically with daily events in the lives of the same group of characters
  15. a thriller - a book, film, or play that tells an exciting fictional story about something such as criminal activities or spying
  16. a wildlife programme - TV programme about wild animals; fauna (and sometimes flora)
  17. come under fire - to be criticised
  18. has cross-generational appeal - is popular with all ages
  19. in-depth - through and full
  20. one-off - done only once
  21. renowned - famous
Reporting Verbs
  1. accuse - charge (someone) with an offense or crime
  2. admit - confess to be true or to be the case
  3. agree - have the same opinion about something; concur
  4. apologise - express regret for something that one has done wrong
  5. deny - state that one refuses to admit the truth or existence of
  6. despite - without being affected by; in spite of
  7. insist - demand something forcefully, not accepting refusal
  8. offer - present or proffer (something) for (someone) to accept or reject as so desired
  9. persuade - induce (someone) to do something through reasoning or argument
  10. promise - to declare or assure that one will do something or that a particular thing will happen
  11. refuse - indicate or show that one is not willing to do something
  12. suggest - put forward for consideration
  13. threaten - state one's intention to take hostile action against someone in retribution for something done or not dones

Unit 8: Behaviour

Collocations
  1. to arrive at a decision - to choose one thing or another
  2. to come to a decision - to choose one thing or another
  3. to make a decision - to choose one thing or another
  4. to postpone a decision - to delay a decision, perhaps because you're not sure what to do
  5. to put off a a decision - to delay a decision, perhaps because you're not sure what to do
  6. to betray one's principles - to do something that you don't believe is right
  7. to follow one's principles - to be faithful to what you believe is right
  8. to go against one's principles - to do something that you don't believe is right
  9. to stick to one's principles - to be faithful to what you believe is right
  10. to analyse the pros and cons - to think about the relative importanceof the advantages and disadvantages of a situation
  11. to compare the pros and cons - to think about the relative importanceof the advantages and disadvantages of a situation
  12. to examine the pros and cons - to think about the relative importanceof the advantages and disadvantages of a situation
  13. to weigh up the pros and cons - to think about the relative importanceof the advantages and disadvantages of a situation
  14. to analyse a situation - to look at a situation in detail
  15. to assess a situation - to look at a situation in detail
  16. to examine a situation - to look at a situation in detail
  17. to weigh up a situation - to look at a situation in detail
Feelings
  1. alert - clear-headed and focused
  2. apprehensive - anxious or fearful that something bad or unpleasant will happen
  3. at one's lowest ebb - tired or not having much energy
  4. at one's sharpest - clear-headed and focused
  5. bright and breezy - full of energy
  6. cringe - bend one's head and body in fear or apprehension
  7. groggy - tired or not having much energy
  8. miserable - very unhappy
  9. livid - furiously angry
  10. on the ball - clear-headed and focused
  11. petrified - so frightened that one is unable to move; terrified
  12. puzzled - someone who is puzzled is confused because they do not understand something
  13. to be fussed - don't mind
  14. to despise something with a passion - hate deeply
  15. to have a bounce in one's step - full of energy
  16. to have a sense of dread - to feel anxious or fearful
  17. to have a spring in one's step - full of energy
  18. wide awake - the opposite to fast asleep

Unit 9: Trouble

  1. arson - is the crime of deliberately setting fire to a building or vehicle
  2. boot - the covered space at the back of a car, used for carrying things in. The American word is trunk
  3. bribery - the act of offering someone money or something valuable in order to persuade them to do something for you
  4. counterfeiting - made in exact imitation of something valuable with the intention to deceive or defraud
  5. gang - an organized group of criminals
  6. hack - to use a computer to connect to someone else's computer secretly and often illegally, so that you can find or change information on it
  7. identity theft - stealing information about someone that makes it possible to use their bank account or credit card
  8. kidnapping - abduct (someone) and hold them captive, typically to obtain a ransom
  9. mugging - an act of attacking and robbing someone in a public place
  10. number plate - a sign affixed to the front and rear of a vehicle displaying its registration number
  11. pickpocketing - stealing money and other things from people's pockets and bags, especially in crowded places
  12. stalking - the crime of following and watching someone in a threatening way
  13. steering wheel - a wheel that a driver rotates in order to steer a vehicle
  14. tail light - one of the red lights on either side of the back of a vehicle
  15. tax evasion - the illegal non-payment or underpayment of tax
  16. tyre - is a thick piece of rubber which is fitted onto the wheels of vehicles such as cars, buses, and bicycles
  17. vandalism - action involving deliberate destruction of or damage to public or private property
  18. windscreen wiper - is a device that wipes rain from a vehicle's windscreen
  19. wing mirror - a rear-view mirror projecting from the side of a motor vehicle
Scam
  1. scam - an illegal trick, usually with the purpose of getting money from people or avoiding paying tax
  2. pretend (to be) - behave so as to make it appear that something is the case when in fact it is not
  3. fool - trick or deceive
  4. distract - prevent (someone) from concentrating on something
  5. snatch - quickly seize (something) in a rude or eager way
  6. swap - substitute (one thing) for another
  7. be taken in - If you are taken in by someone or something, you are deceived by them, so that you get a false impression of them.
  8. fall for - be deceived by (something)
  9. deceive - deliberately cause (someone) to believe something that is not true, especially for personal gain
  10. divert attention - prevent (someone) from concentrating on something
  11. grab - grasp or seize suddenly and roughly
  12. switch - substitute (two items) for each other; exchange
  13. pose as - pretend to be (someone or something)
  14. toddler - a young child who is just beginning to walk
  15. suspect of - believe or feel that (someone) is guilty of an illegal, dishonest, or unpleasant act, without certain proof
  16. clear - officially show or declare (someone) to be innocent

Unit 10: Culture

  1. awesome - (informal) extremely good
  2. brilliant - (British informal) extremely good or enjoyable
  3. chilling - making you feel suddenly very frightened or worried
  4. creepy - unpleasant in a way that makes you feel nervous or frightened
  5. dull - boring, or not interesting
  6. electrifying - extremely exciting
  7. fast-paced - including a lot of different things happening quickly
  8. gripping - firmly holding the attention or interest; exciting
  9. horrific - so shocking that it upsets you
  10. loathe - to dislike someone or something very much
  11. moving - makes you feel strongly an emotion such as sadness, pity, or sympathy
  12. plot summary - a short account of a film that gives only the most important information and not all the details
  13. poignant - giving you feelings of sadness
  14. predictable - if something is predictable, it happens in the way that you would expect
  15. touching - making you feel emotional or sympathetic, for example by being sad
  16. unforgettable - something that is unforgettable will be remembered for a very long time
  17. weak - bad in quality
Popular culture
  1. all or nothing - risking everything
  2. alternative - not traditional
  3. creating a stir - to cause a lot of interest and excitement
  4. flop - completely unsuccessful
  5. give or take - to within (a small amount)
  6. ground-breaking - using new methods, or achieving new results
  7. hit or miss - unplanned
  8. hype - the use of a lot of advertisements and other publicity to influence or interest people
  9. letdown - something that makes you feel disappointed because it is not as good as you expected it to be
  10. life or death - extremely importand
  11. mainstream - considered ordinary or normal and accepted or used by most people
  12. must-see - something that should or must be seen
  13. one way or another - somehow
  14. rave reviews - a report in a newspaper or magazine that praises something such as a film or show in a very enthusiastic way
  15. sell-out - an event for which all tickets are sold
  16. sink or swim - fail or succeed
  17. sooner or later - eventually
  18. take it or leave - the offer won't change


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